Coach-lamp



W. LAWRENCE.

Cpach Lam p.

No. 683. I

Patented April 7, 1838.

N. Pcrzn. mmum n w. wmin lm no.

To all whom it'ma z concern umrnn sra'grgsggrnnr OFFI WILLIAM LAWRENCE,OF WALLI'NGEORD, CONNECTICUT.

COACH-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 683, dated April 7, 1838.

Be itknown that I, WILLIAM LAWRENCE, of VVallingford, in the county ofNew Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in the Construction of Coach-Lamps; and that the followingis a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to theannexed drawings of the same, making part of this specification.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I willmore particularly'describe its constructionand operation.

Instead of the square or oblong shape of coach lamps in common use, Imake the frame or body A, Figure 1, cylindrical and for stage coachesabout 7 inches in diameter and about 6 inches long; for other carriagesit may be proportionately less. It may be made of tin, or any othersuitable metallic plates, and painted or japanned. This cylinder issupported horizontally, the front end is closed by a pane or plate ofclear glass B, the rear is closed by a door G hung on a hinge, and onthe inside of that door I attach a highly polished reflector D the fullsize of the cylinder curving in the shape of a tea saucer. For thisreflector I prefer a highly polished silver plate.

On the bottom ofithis cylinder is a socket E about 4 inches long and 1%inchesin diameter, closed at the bottom, but opening into the body ofthe cylinder. This socket is for the double purpose of attaching it tothe coach and also to receive and hold in place the oil lamp F, anddirectly over the socket is a chimney G in common form; and for thepurpose of giving air to the lamp uninfluenced by the motion of thecarriage or the currentwithout, I raise a floor H Figs. 1 and Q'abouthalf an inch high, around the mouth of the socket at the bottom of thecylinder. This floor is pierced with air holes I around the edges andthe air chamber below this floor is supplied by air holes J in theoutward shell of the cylinder in front and in rear of the socket, theseholes in the floor and in the shell are not opposite each other and ofcourse the light is not sensibly afl'ectedby the outward current.

These lamps may be made lar or or smaller than the size herein specifiedas occaslon may require. a They may also be made with suitablealterations, to stand perpendlcularly, or on oneflend, but I prefer thehorizontal position. In either case they are attached to the coachlinthe usual man-l ner.

The inner lamp F for oil consists of a clrcular hollow vessel F about2%. inches diameter and one inch anda quarter deep closed at the bottomand top. excepting an aperture in the center of the bottom" for a 7 longhollow shank L Fig. 3 closed at its lower end forcontaining oil and anaperture in the center of the top for a screw M through Which passes aconical or cylindrical tube N Fig. 3 for the wick and an orifice throughwhich the oil is admitted closed by a stopper 0. The bottom of the lampwhere it unites with the shank forms a shoulder P which rests upon theperforated plate of the body. The exterior of the shank of the oil lampis shaped'to fit the socket of the case into'which it is inserted. Theconical tube N for the wick extends nearly to the bottom of the oilshank L.

The advantages of this improvement are that the light of this lamp ismore brilliant than any now in use for a similar purpose, and is notliable to be extinguished from the agitation of the oil in the lamp(caused by the motion of the carriage) drawing down the wick from' thetube, or at other times quenching the flame by the motionof the oil fromthe same cause the small wick tube in the center of the lamp protectingthe wick from the motion of the oil (however violent) and preventing theextinguishment of the light and causing it to burn much longer than anyother lamp onaccount of the depth of the shank of the lamp into whichthe wick tube extends-the oil continuing to rise in this tube untilnearly eX hausted in the shank, not only from the draft of the lamp, butfrom capillary attraction-or the attraction of the periphery of theconcave surface of the small tube to which the upper surface of the oilis contiguous and adheres; besides the light is not liable to beinfluenced from external cur- V 2" ass rents of air, owing to the beforedescribed arrangement of the apertures in the bottom of the case and inthe segment floor above it.

The invention claimedand'desired to be secured by Letters Patentconsists in' 1. The shank at the bottom of the lamp into which descendsa small 'tube containing the Wick immersed in the oil as beforedescribed and for the purpose therein set forth said hollow shank beingmade tofit 10

